Carbon Glossary

Methodology developed by ADEME to assess greenhouse gas emissions from an organization across all scopes (1, 2, and 3).

Principle ensuring that a carbon project would not have occurred without carbon contribution. It demonstrates that reductions/sequestration are additional to actions that would have been implemented anyway.

Agency for Ecological Transition (formerly Environmental and Energy Management Agency). A French institution for energy and ecological transition policies.

Agricultural practice combining trees with crops or livestock on the same plot. It improves carbon sequestration, biodiversity and climate change resilience.

Creation of a forest on land that was not wooded during the 10 years before the project (Label Bas-Carbone Afforestation method). It is a carbon sequestration project certifiable under Label Bas-Carbone.

Counterfactual scenario describing emissions/sequestration that would have occurred without the project. It serves as a comparison point to calculate additional carbon reductions.

Mandatory inventory of greenhouse gas emissions from organizations in France. All scopes are covered. The BEGES is the baseline for identifying reduction and carbon contribution levers.

Variety of ecosystems, species and genes. Stock CO2 projects maximize biodiversity: reforestation with diverse tree species, hedge preservation, natural habitat restoration.

Quantitative assessment of greenhouse gas emissions generated directly or indirectly by an organization, project or product, typically expressed in CO₂ equivalent.

Carbon of biological origin (plants, soils, animals). Unlike fossil carbon, it comes from the natural carbon cycle and is neutralized when plant matter decomposes.

Label Bas-Carbone methodology for agricultural projects combining soil conservation, residue management, cover crops and agroforestry. Reduces emissions while improving soil fertility.

Financing projects that reduce or sequester GHG emissions. At Stock CO2, it's a responsible approach integrated into the M.E.R.C.I methodology: Measure, Avoid, Reduce, Contribute.

Instrument representing 1 ton of CO₂ equivalent reduced or sequestered. Each carbon credit is certified, traceable and can be traded or retired to support a climate objective.

Additional positive impacts of a carbon project beyond CO₂ sequestration. Stock CO2 measures 5 co-benefits: climate, biodiversity, water, soils, and socio-economic.

European directive requiring large companies to report environmental and social impacts according to ESRS (European Sustainability Reporting Standards).

Carbon credit labelled under the Label Bas-Carbone after independent verification. Guarantees that 1 ton of CO₂ has actually been sequestered or avoided according to official standards.

Process of reducing carbon emissions in the economy. Combines direct emission reductions, energy efficiency and carbon contribution to labelled projects.

Error where the same carbon credit is counted twice: once by the seller and once by the buyer. Stock CO2 ensures traceability to prevent any double counting.

Total measure of greenhouse gas volume emitted, directly or indirectly, by a person, organization or product. Expressed in tCO₂e.

Sustainability reporting standards adopted by the EU to standardize non-financial reporting. Cover climate, biodiversity, social and governance.

Ex-ante: projected results before project implementation. Ex-post: actual results after implementation. Both are essential for Label Bas-Carbone verification.

Relocation of emissions to other areas/sectors due to a carbon policy. Example: a company outsourcing production to a region without carbon constraints.

Coefficient quantifying GHG emissions per unit of activity (e.g., kg CO₂ per liter of fuel). Used to calculate carbon footprint and validate projects.

Cereal and oilseed crops (wheat, corn, rapeseed, etc.). Label Bas-Carbone projects include regenerative practices reducing soil emissions.

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFC, etc.). Stock CO2 projects reduce GHG emissions or sequester them.

Practice of falsely communicating an eco-friendly image without real action. Stock CO2 combats greenwashing through Label Bas-Carbone and full project transparency.

Linear vegetation bands (trees, shrubs) separating plots. They capture carbon, shelter biodiversity and protect soil. Label Bas-Carbone project.

Official French state label created in 2019 by the Ministry of Ecological Transition. It labels GHG reduction/sequestration projects in France. All Stock CO2 projects are labeled.

Concrete action to reduce carbon emissions. Examples: thermal insulation, renewable energy transition, energy efficiency, electrification. Precedes carbon contribution.

System for trading carbon credits, voluntary or regulated. Stock CO2 operates in the French voluntary carbon market, with Label Bas-Carbone projects.

Stock CO2's 5-step approach: Measure (carbon footprint), Avoid (emission reduction), Reduce (efficiency), Contribute (fund projects), Involve (stakeholder engagement).

System ensuring carbon project rigor. Precise measurement of emissions/sequestration, transparent reporting, verification by independent third parties. Required by Label Bas-Carbone.

State where GHG emissions equal reductions/sequestration. To achieve neutrality, an organization must first avoid and reduce, then contribute carbon.

Financing external carbon reductions to offset own emissions. Stock CO2 views this as a final step after avoiding and reducing. Prefer "carbon contribution".

Ecosystem that absorbs and stores carbon (forests, soils, wetlands). Stock CO2 projects create or restore carbon sinks through afforestation or regeneration.

Duration during which a carbon sink (forest, soil, etc.) retains sequestered carbon. Label Bas-Carbone requires 30-year monitoring to ensure permanence.

Global objective: increase soil carbon content by 0.4% annually to restore them. Stock CO2's Carbon Agri and agroforestry projects contribute to this goal.

Reconstitution of a forest on recently deforested or degraded forest land. It is a carbon sequestration project certifiable under Label Bas-Carbone in France.

Agricultural practices that restore soil health, increase biodiversity and carbon storage. Examples: reduced tillage, cover crops, diverse crop rotation.

Process of capturing and storing atmospheric CO₂ in biomass (trees, plants) or soils. Stock CO2 projects achieve certifiable carbon sequestration.

Amount of carbon accumulated and stored in an ecosystem (forest, soil, wetland). Stock CO2 projects increase carbon stock through afforestation and soil restoration.

Classification of GHG emissions: Scope 1 (direct from company), Scope 2 (purchased energy), Scope 3 (upstream/downstream indirect). Carbon contribution primarily addresses Scopes 1 and 3.

Shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a renewable energy-based economy. Stock CO2 projects support this transition by reducing carbon emissions.

EU classification of sustainable economic activities. It helps investors identify ecologically responsible projects. Label Bas-Carbone projects often align with the green taxonomy.

Standard unit measuring the global warming potential of all GHGs expressed as CO₂ equivalent. 1 tCO₂e = 1 carbon credit.

Independent audit of a carbon project by an external body not involved in its implementation. It is a Label Bas-Carbone requirement to guarantee credibility.